The Plant List — A working list for all plant species

⚠ Version 1 of The Plant List has been superseded.

You should refer instead to the current version of The Plant List.

Primula

The genus Primula is in the family Primulaceae in the major group Angiosperms (Flowering plants).

Statistics are at the end of the page.

Species in Primula

See "Status", "Confidence level", "Source" for definitions.

Name Status Confi­dence level Source
Primula abchasica Sosn. Accepted M TRO
Primula advena W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula aemula Balf. f. & Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula aerinantha Balf. f. & Purdom Accepted M TRO
Primula agleniana Balf. f. & Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula algida Adams Accepted M TRO
Primula aliciae G. Taylor ex W.W. Sm. & H.R. Fletcher Accepted M TRO
Primula alpicola (W.W. Sm.) Stapf Accepted M TRO
Primula alsophila Balf. f. & Farrer Accepted M TRO
Primula ambita Balf. f. Accepted M TRO
Primula amethystina Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula anisodora Balf. f. & Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula annulata Balf. f. & Kingdon-Ward Accepted M TRO
Primula apicicallosa D. Fang Accepted M TRO
Primula arctica Koidz. Accepted M TRO
Primula aromatica W.W. Sm. & Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula asarifolia H.R. Fletcher Accepted M TRO
Primula atrodentata W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula aurantiaca W.W. Sm. & Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula baileyana Kingdon-Ward Accepted M TRO
Primula barbatula W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula barbicalyx C.H. Wright Accepted M TRO
Primula bathangensis Petitm. Accepted M TRO
Primula beesiana Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula bella Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula bellidifolia King ex Hook. f. Accepted M TRO
Primula bergenioides C.M. Hu & Y.Y. Geng Accepted M TRO
Primula beringensis (A.E. Porsild) Jurtzev Accepted M TRO
Primula blattariformis Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula blinii H. Lév. Accepted M TRO
Primula bomiensis F.H. Chen & C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula boreiocalliantha Balf. f. & Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula bracteata Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula bracteosa Craib Accepted M TRO
Primula breviscapa Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula bullata Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula bulleyana Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula bungeana C.A. Mey. Accepted M TRO
Primula buryana Balf. f. Accepted M TRO
Primula caldaria W.W. Sm. & Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula calderiana Balf. f. & R.E. Cooper Accepted M TRO
Primula calliantha Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula calthifolia W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula calyptrata X. Gong & R.C. Fang Accepted M TRO
Primula candicans W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula capitata Hook. Accepted M TRO
Primula carpathica Fuss Accepted M TRO
Primula cavaleriei Petitm. Accepted M TRO
Primula caveana W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula cawdoriana Kingdon-Ward Accepted M TRO
Primula celsiiformis Balf. f. Accepted M TRO
Primula cerina H.R. Fletcher Accepted M TRO
Primula cernua Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula chamaedoron W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula chamaethauma W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula chapaensis Gagnep. Accepted M TRO
Primula chartacea Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula chienii W.P. Fang Accepted M TRO
Primula chionantha Balf. f. & Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula chionata W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula chionogenes H.R. Fletcher Accepted M TRO
Primula chrysochlora Balf. f. & Kingdon-Ward Accepted M TRO
Primula chumbiensis W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula chungensis Balf. f. & Kingdon-Ward Accepted M TRO
Primula cicutariifolia Pax Accepted M TRO
Primula cinerascens Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula clutterbuckii Kingdon-Ward Accepted M TRO
Primula cockburniana Hemsl. Accepted M TRO
Primula coerulea Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula comata H.R. Fletcher Accepted M TRO
Primula concholoba Stapf & Sealy Accepted M TRO
Primula concinna Watt Accepted M TRO
Primula conspersa Balf. f. & Purdom Accepted M TRO
Primula crassa Hand.-Mazz. Accepted M TRO
Primula crocifolia Pax & K. Hoffm. Accepted M TRO
Primula cuneifolia Ledeb. Accepted M TRO
Primula cunninghamii King ex Craib Accepted M TRO
Primula cusickiana (A. Gray) A. Gray Accepted M TRO
Primula davidii Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula deflexa Duthie Accepted M TRO
Primula densa Balf. f. Accepted M TRO
Primula denticulata Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula diantha Bureau & Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula dickieana Watt Accepted M TRO
Primula divaricata F.H. Chen & C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula dryadifolia Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula duclouxii Petitm. Accepted M TRO
Primula dumicola W.W. Sm. & Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula eburnea Balf. f. & R.E. Cooper Accepted M TRO
Primula efarinosa Pax Accepted M TRO
Primula effusa W.W. Sm. & Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula elizabethiae Ludlow ex W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula elongata Watt Accepted M TRO
Primula epilithica F.H. Chen & C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula epilosa Craib Accepted M TRO
Primula erratica W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula erythrocarpa Craib Accepted M TRO
Primula esquirolii Petitm. Accepted M TRO
Primula eugeniae Fed. Accepted M WCSP (in review)
Primula euosma Craib Accepted M TRO
Primula faberi Oliv. Accepted M TRO
Primula fagosa Balf. f. & Craib Accepted M TRO
Primula falcifolia Kingdon-Ward Accepted M TRO
Primula fangii F.H. Chen & C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula fangingensis F.H. Chen & C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula farinosa L. Accepted M TRO
Primula farreriana Balf. f. Accepted M TRO
Primula fasciculata Balf. f. & Kingdon-Ward Accepted M TRO
Primula fernaldiana W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula filchnerae R. Knuth Accepted M TRO
Primula finmarchica Jacq. Accepted M TRO
Primula firmipes Balf. f. & Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula fistulosa Turkev. Accepted M TRO
Primula flabellifera W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula flaccida N.P. Balakr. Accepted M TRO
Primula flava Maxim. Accepted M TRO
Primula florindae Kingdon-Ward Accepted M TRO
Primula forbesii Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula forrestii Balf. f. Accepted M TRO
Primula frenchii (Vasey) Mast & Reveal Accepted M TRO
Primula gambeliana Watt Accepted M TRO
Primula gemmifera Batalin Accepted M TRO
Primula geraniifolia Hook. f. Accepted M TRO
Primula giraldiana Pax Accepted M TRO
Primula glabra Klatt Accepted M TRO
Primula glomerata Pax Accepted M TRO
Primula gracilenta Dunn Accepted M TRO
Primula gracilipes Craib Accepted M TRO
Primula graminifolia Pax & K. Hoffm. Accepted M TRO
Primula griffithii (Watt) Pax Accepted M TRO
Primula groenlandica (Warm.) A.W. Hill Accepted M TRO
Primula handeliana W.W. Sm. & Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula helodoxa Balf. f. Accepted M TRO
Primula henryi (Hemsl.) Pax Accepted L TRO
Primula heucherifolia Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula hilaris W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula hoffmanniana W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula hoii W.P. Fang Accepted M TRO
Primula homogama F.H. Chen & C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula hookeri Watt Accepted M TRO
Primula huashanensis F.H. Chen & C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula humilis Pax & K. Hoffm. Accepted M TRO
Primula hylobia W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula hypoleuca Hand.-Mazz. Accepted M TRO
Primula incana M.E. Jones Accepted M TRO
Primula inopinata H.R. Fletcher Accepted M TRO
Primula interjacens F.H. Chen Accepted M TRO
Primula involucrata Wall. ex Duby Accepted M TRO
Primula ioessa W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula jaffreyana King Accepted M TRO
Primula jucunda W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula kialensis Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula kingii Watt Accepted M TRO
Primula klattii N.P. Balakr. Accepted M TRO
Primula klaveriana Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula knuthiana Pax Accepted M TRO
Primula komarovii Losinsk. Accepted M TRO
Primula kongboensis Kingdon-Ward Accepted M TRO
Primula kwangtungensis W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula kweichouensis W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula lacerata W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula laciniata Pax & K. Hoffm. Accepted M TRO
Primula lactucoides F.H. Chen & C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula latisecta W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula laxiuscula W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula leptophylla Craib Accepted M TRO
Primula levicalyx C.M. Hu & Z.R. Xu Accepted M TRO
Primula limbata Balf. f. & Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula lithophila F.H. Chen & C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula littledalei Balf. f. & Watt Accepted M TRO
Primula loeseneri Kitag. Accepted M TRO
Primula longiscapa Ledeb. Accepted M TRO
Primula lungchiensis W.P. Fang Accepted M TRO
Primula macrocalyx Bunge Accepted M WCSP (in review)
Primula macrophylla D. Don Accepted M TRO
Primula magellanica Lehm. Accepted M WCSP (in review)
Primula maikhaensis Balf. f. & Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula malacoides Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula mallophylla Balf. f. Accepted M TRO
Primula malvacea Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula matsumurae Petitm. Accepted M TRO
Primula maximowiczii Regel Accepted M TRO
Primula megalocarpa H. Hara Accepted M TRO
Primula meiotera (W.W. Sm. & H.R. Fletcher) C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula melanantha (Franch.) C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula melanodonta W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula melanops W.W. Sm. & Kingdon-Ward Accepted M TRO
Primula membranifolia Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula merrilliana Schltr. Accepted M TRO
Primula meyeri Rupr. Accepted M TRO
Primula minor Balf. f. & Kingdon-Ward Accepted M TRO
Primula minutissima Jacquem. ex Duby Accepted M TRO
Primula mistassinica Michx. Accepted M WCSP (in review)
Primula miyabeana T. Itô & Kawak. Accepted M TRO
Primula mollis Nutt. ex Hook. Accepted M TRO
Primula monticola (Hand.-Mazz.) F.H. Chen & C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula moschophora Balf. f. & Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula moupinensis Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula muscarioides Hemsl. Accepted M TRO
Primula muscoides Hook. f. ex Watt Accepted M TRO
Primula neurocalyx Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula ninguida W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula nivalis Pall. Accepted M TRO
Primula nutans Georgi Accepted M WCSP (in review)
Primula nutantiflora Hemsl. Accepted M TRO
Primula obconica Hance Accepted M TRO
Primula obliqua W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula obsessa W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula occlusa W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula odontica W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula odontocalyx (Franch.) Pax Accepted M TRO
Primula officinalis (L.) Hill Accepted M TRO
Primula optata Farrer Accepted M TRO
Primula orbicularis Hemsl. Accepted M TRO
Primula oreodoxa Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula ovalifolia Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula oxygraphidifolia W.W. Sm. & Kingdon-Ward Accepted M TRO
Primula palmata Hand.-Mazz. Accepted M TRO
Primula parryi A. Gray Accepted M TRO
Primula partschiana Pax Accepted M TRO
Primula patens E. Busch Accepted M TRO
Primula pauliana W.W. Sm. & Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula pellucida Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula petrocallis F.H. Chen & C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula pinnatifida Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula poissonii Franch. Accepted M WCSP (in review)
Primula polyneura Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula praeflorens F.H. Chen & C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula praetermissa W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula prattii Hemsl. Accepted M TRO
Primula prenantha Balf. f. & W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula prevernalis F.H. Chen & C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula primulina (Spreng.) H. Hara Accepted L TRO
Primula pseudodenticulata Pax Accepted M TRO
Primula pseudoglabra Hand.-Mazz. Accepted M TRO
Primula pskemensis Lazkov Accepted M WCSP (in review)
Primula pulchella Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula pulverulenta Duthie Accepted M TRO
Primula pumilio Maxim. Accepted M TRO
Primula purdomii Craib Accepted M TRO
Primula pycnoloba Bureau & Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula qinghaiensis F.H. Chen & C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula reflexa Petitm. Accepted M TRO
Primula reticulata Wall. Accepted M TRO
Primula rhodochroa W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula rimicola W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula rockii W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula rotundifolia Wall. Accepted M TRO
Primula rubicunda H.R. Fletcher Accepted M TRO
Primula rubifolia C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula rugosa N.P. Balakr. Accepted L TRO
Primula runcinata C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula rupestris Balf. f. & Farrer Accepted M TRO
Primula rupicola Balf. f. & Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula russeola Balf. f. & Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula sandemaniana W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula sapphirina Hook. f. & Thomson Accepted M TRO
Primula saturata W.W. Sm. & H.R. Fletcher Accepted M TRO
Primula saxatilis Kom. Accepted M TRO
Primula scapigera (Hook. f.) Craib Accepted M TRO
Primula scopulorum Balf. f. & Farrer Accepted M TRO
Primula secundiflora Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula septemloba Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula serratifolia Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula sertulum Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula sherriffiae W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula sieboldii E. Morren Accepted M TRO
Primula sikkimensis Hook. Accepted M TRO
Primula silaensis Petitm. Accepted M TRO
Primula sinensis Sabine ex Lindl. Accepted L TRO
Primula sinoexscapa C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula sinolisteri Balf. f. Accepted M TRO
Primula sinomollis Balf. f. & Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula sinoplantaginea Balf. f. Accepted M TRO
Primula sinuata Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula smithiana Craib Accepted M TRO
Primula socialis F.H. Chen & C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula sonchifolia Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula soongii F.H. Chen & C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula souliei Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula specuicola Rydb. Accepted M TRO
Primula spicata Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula stenocalyx Maxim. Accepted M TRO
Primula stenodonta Balf. f. ex W.W. Sm. & H.R. Fletcher Accepted M TRO
Primula stricta Hornem. Accepted M WCSP (in review)
Primula strumosa Balf. f. & R.E. Cooper Accepted M TRO
Primula subularia W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula szechuanica Pax Accepted M TRO
Primula taliensis Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula tangutica Duthie Accepted M TRO
Primula tanneri King Accepted M TRO
Primula tardiflora (C.M. Hu) C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula tayloriana H.R. Fletcher Accepted M TRO
Primula tenella King ex Hook. f. Accepted M TRO
Primula tenuiloba (Watt) Pax Accepted M TRO
Primula tenuipes F.H. Chen & C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula tenuituba C.M. Hu & Y.Y. Geng Accepted M TRO
Primula tibetica Watt Accepted M TRO
Primula tongolensis Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula tridentifera F.H. Chen & C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula triloba Balf. f. & Forrest Accepted M TRO
Primula tsariensis W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula tsiangii W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula tsongpenii H.R. Fletcher Accepted M TRO
Primula tzetsouensis Petitm. Accepted M TRO
Primula urticifolia Maxim. Accepted M TRO
Primula vaginata Watt Accepted M TRO
Primula valentiniana Hand.-Mazz. Accepted M TRO
Primula veitchiana Petitm. Accepted M TRO
Primula veris L. Accepted M TRO
Primula vialii Delavay ex Franch. Accepted M TRO
Primula vilmoriniana Petitm. Accepted M TRO
Primula violacea W.W. Sm. & Kingdon-Ward Accepted M TRO
Primula violaris W.W. Sm. & H.R. Fletcher Accepted M TRO
Primula virginis H. Lév. Accepted M TRO
Primula waddellii Balf. f. & W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula walshii Craib Accepted M TRO
Primula waltonii Watt ex Balf. f. Accepted M TRO
Primula wangii F.H. Chen & C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula watsonii Dunn Accepted M TRO
Primula wenshanensis F.H. Chen & C.M. Hu Accepted M TRO
Primula whitei W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula wilsonii Dunn Accepted M TRO
Primula wollastonii Balf. f. Accepted M TRO
Primula woodwardii Balf. f. Accepted M TRO
Primula woonyoungiana W.P. Fang Accepted M TRO
Primula woronowii Losinsk. Accepted M TRO
Primula youngeriana W.W. Sm. Accepted M TRO
Primula yunnanensis Franch. Accepted M TRO

Statistics

The Plant List includes 1,288 scientific plant names of species rank for the genus Primula. Of these 329 are accepted species names.

The Plant List includes a further 266 scientific plant names of infraspecific rank for the genus Primula. We do not intend The Plant List to be complete for names of infraspecific rank. These are primarily included because names of species rank are synonyms of accepted infraspecific names.

Species names

The status of the 1,288 species names for the genus Primula recorded in The Plant List, are as follows:

Status Total
◕ Accepted 329 25.5%
◕ Synonym 304 23.6%
◕ Unplaced 0 0%
◕ Unassessed 655 50.9%

All names

The status of the 1,554 names (including infraspecific names) for the genus Primula recorded in The Plant List, are as follows:

Status Total
◕ Accepted 381 24.5%
◕ Synonym 508 32.7%
◕ Unplaced 0 0%
◕ Unassessed 665 42.8%

The confidence with which the status of the 1,288 species names recorded in The Plant List for the genus Primula, are assigned as follows:

Confidence level Accepted Synonym Unplaced Unassessed Total
High confidence 0 0 0 0 0 0%
Medium confidence 325 297 0 0 622 48.3%
Low confidence 4 7 0 655 666 51.7%

The source of the species name record found in The Plant List for the genus Primula, are as follows:

Source of record Accepted Synonym Unplaced Unassessed Misapplied Total
Tropicos 321 301 0 6 0 628 48.8%
WCSP (in review) 8 3 0 649 0 660 51.2%